The book comprehensively addresses the research on ancestral knowledge in the woodworking sector of the province of Cañar, Ecuador. Through four chapters, it develops a theoretical and methodological approach that seeks to understand the importance of this traditional knowledge in the economic, social, and cultural context of the region. Various dimensions are explored, from the epistemological foundation to the detailed analysis of the systemic structure of ancestral knowledge. The book proposes a reflection on the management of ancestral knowledge as an initial step towards the decolonization of practices and concepts, promoting dialogue between different cultures and the preservation of this knowledge for future generations.