With more than two decades of experience teaching Comparative Law, the author organizes his lectures into a manual that introduces the theoretical and methodological foundations of the discipline, as well as its practical applications. The book is divided into two parts. The first, doctrinal in nature, addresses the concept, object, purpose, and historical factors of comparative law. The second, more practical, classifies legal systems worldwide into “legal families” and describes their structural characteristics. Each chapter combines historical references, reflections on the simplifying function of law, and jurisprudential examples, enabling students to identify convergences and divergences among legal systems. Rather than aiming to exhaust specific comparisons, the book seeks to “indicate avenues for research,” making it suitable as a reference text for advanced courses in jurisprudence and as a foundation for legislative reform projects.